Detection of lactate with a hadamard slice selected, selective multiple quantum coherence, chemical shift imaging sequence (HDMD-SelMQC-CSI) on a clinical MRI scanner: Application to tumors and muscle ischemia.
| Publication Type | Academic Article |
| Authors | Mellon E, Lee S, Pickup S, Kim S, Goldstein S, Floyd T, Poptani H, Delikatny E, Reddy R, Glickson J |
| Journal | Magn Reson Med |
| Volume | 62 |
| Issue | 6 |
| Pagination | 1404-13 |
| Date Published | 12/01/2009 |
| ISSN | 1522-2594 |
| Keywords | Algorithms, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Ischemia, Lactic Acid, Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Muscle, Skeletal |
| Abstract | Lactate is an important metabolite in normal and malignant tissues detectable by NMR spectroscopy; however, it has been difficult to clinically detect the lactate methyl resonance because it is obscured by lipid resonances. The selective homonuclear multiple quantum coherence transfer technique offers a method for distinguishing lipid and lactate resonances. We implemented a three-dimensional selective homonuclear multiple quantum coherence transfer version with Hadamard slice selection and two-dimensional phase encoding (Hadamard encoded-selective homonuclear multiple quantum coherence transfer-chemical shift imaging) on a conventional clinical MR scanner. Hadamard slice selection is explained and demonstrated in vivo. This is followed by 1-cm(3) resolution lactate imaging with detection to 5-mM concentration in 20 min on a 3-T clinical scanner. An analysis of QSel gradient duration and amplitude effects on lactate and lipid signal is presented. To demonstrate clinical feasibility, a 5-min lactate scan of a patient with a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in the superficial thigh is reported. The elevated lactate signal coincides with the T(2)-weighted image of this tumor. As a test of selective homonuclear multiple quantum coherence transfer sensitivity, a thigh tourniquet was applied to a normal volunteer and an increase in lactate was detected immediately after tourniquet flow constriction. In conclusion, the Hadamard encoded-selective homonuclear multiple quantum coherence transfer-chemical shift imaging sequence is demonstrated on a phantom and in two lipid-rich, clinically relevant, in vivo conditions. |
| DOI | 10.1002/mrm.22141 |
| PubMed ID | 19785016 |
| PubMed Central ID | PMC3021464 |