Clinical Implementation of Noninvasive Brain Stimulation in an Outpatient Neurorehabilitation Program.

Publication Type	Academic Article
Authors	Sebastian R, Cherry-Allen K, Pruski A, Sinkowitz J, Stilling J, Anaya M, Cantarero G, Celnik P
Journal	Am J Phys Med Rehabil
Volume	102
Issue	2S Suppl 1
Pagination	S79-S84
Date Published	02/01/2023
ISSN	1537-7385
Keywords	Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation, Neurological Rehabilitation
Abstract	Motor, speech, and cognitive impairments are the most common consequences of neurological disorders. There has been an increasing interest in the use of noninvasive brain stimulation techniques such as transcranial direct current stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation to augment the effects of neurorehabilitation. Numerous research studies have shown that transcranial direct current stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation are highly promising neuromodulation tools that can work as adjuvants to standard neurorehabilitation services, including physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech-language pathology. However, to date, there are vast differences in methodology in studies including noninvasive brain stimulation parameters, patient characteristics, time point of intervention after injury, and outcome measures, making it difficult to translate and implement transcranial direct current stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation in the clinical setting. Despite this, a series of principles are thought to underlie the effectiveness of noninvasive brain stimulation techniques. We developed a noninvasive brain stimulation rehabilitation program using these principles to provide best practices for applying transcranial direct current stimulation and/or transcranial magnetic stimulation as rehabilitation adjuvants in the clinical setting to help improve neurorehabilitation outcomes. This article outlines our approach, philosophy, and experience.
DOI	10.1097/PHM.0000000000002135
PubMed ID	36634336