Anterior cingulate and posterior parietal cortices are sensitive to dissociable forms of conflict in a task-switching paradigm.

Publication Type	Academic Article
Authors	Liston C, Matalon S, Hare T, Davidson M, Casey B
Journal	Neuron
Volume	50
Issue	4
Pagination	643-53
Date Published	05/18/2006
ISSN	0896-6273
Keywords	Brain Mapping, Gyrus Cinguli, Neural Pathways, Psychomotor Performance
Abstract	The conflict-monitoring hypothesis posits that anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) monitors conflict in information processing and recruits dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) to resolve competition as needed. We used fMRI to test this prediction directly in the context of a task-switching paradigm, in which subjects responded to the color or the motion of a visual stimulus. Conflict was indexed in terms of the product of activities in areas specialized for color or motion processing on a trial-by-trial basis. Here, we report that ACC and posterior parietal cortex (PPC) were sensitive to distinct forms of conflict, at the level of the response and the stimulus representation, respectively. Activity in PPC preceded increased activity in DLPFC and predicted enhanced behavioral performance on subsequent trials. These findings suggest that ACC and PPC may act in concert to detect dissociable forms of conflict and signal to DLPFC the need for increased control.
DOI	10.1016/j.neuron.2006.04.015
PubMed ID	16701213