Publication Type | Academic Article |
Authors | Zilcha-Mano S, Solomonov N, Posner J, Roose S, Rutherford B |
Journal | J Pers Med |
Volume | 12 |
Issue | 8 |
Date Published | 07/23/2022 |
ISSN | 2075-4426 |
Abstract | Background: Identifying individual-specific mechanisms of action may facilitate progress toward precision medicine. Most studies seeking to identify mechanisms of action collapse together two distinct components: pre-treatment trait-like characteristics differentiating between individuals and state-like characteristics changing within each individual over the course of treatment. We suggest a conceptual framework highlighting the importance of studying interactions between trait-like and state-like components in the development of moderated mediation models that can guide personalized targeted interventions. Methods: To facilitate implementation of this framework, two empirical demonstrations are presented from a recent clinical trial and neuroimaging study. The first examines limbic reactivity during an emotional face task; the second concerns striatal activation in a monetary reward task. Results: In both tasks, considering the interaction between trait-like and state-like components predicted treatment outcome more robustly than did the trait-like or state-like components examined individually. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the extent to which state-like modulation of neural activations can serve as a potential treatment target depends on the pre-treatment, trait-like levels of activation in these regions. Thus, the interaction between trait-like and state-like components can serve as a promising path to the development of personalized interventions within a precision medicine framework in which mechanisms of action are individual-specific. |
DOI | 10.3390/jpm12081197 |
PubMed ID | 35893291 |
PubMed Central ID | PMC9332605 |