Publication Type	Academic Article
Authors	Kamer A, Craig R, Pirraglia E, Dasanayake A, Norman R, Boylan R, Nehorayoff A, Glodzik L, Brys M, de Leon M
Journal	J Neuroimmunol
Volume	216
Issue	1-2
Pagination	92-7
Date Published	09/19/2009
ISSN	1872-8421
Keywords	Alzheimer Disease, Antibodies, Periodontitis, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
Abstract	The associations of inflammation/immune responses with clinical presentations of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remain unclear. We hypothesized that TNF-alpha and elevated antibodies to periodontal bacteria would be greater in AD compared to normal controls (NL) and their combination would aid clinical diagnosis of AD. Plasma TNF-alpha and antibodies against periodontal bacteria were elevated in AD patients compared with NL and independently associated with AD. The number of positive IgG to periodontal bacteria incremented the TNF-alpha classification of clinical AD and NL. This study shows that TNF-alpha and elevated numbers of antibodies against periodontal bacteria associate with AD and contribute to the AD diagnosis.
DOI	10.1016/j.jneuroim.2009.08.013
PubMed ID	19767111
PubMed Central ID	PMC2783848